Colorado is a state west of the United States of America. It is known for having the highest peaks of the Rocky Mountains, which dominate the western part of the state, since the eastern consists of great plains. The capital of the state, as well as the largest city, is Denver, whose metropolitan area accounts for more than half of the state's population (2.3 million, out of a total of 4.3 million). The state was named for the Colorado River, the name that the Spanish settlers gave to the river. On August 1, 1876, President Ulysses S. Grant signed a proclamation admitting Colorado as the 38th state of the United States, it is the so-called "Centennial State", since 1876 was admitted to the Union in the year of the centenary of the Declaration of Independence of the United States.
Colorado State Map
The written history of the present territory of the state begins approximately in the century XVII, when the first Spaniards went further north of New Mexico, who called Colorado (among several of its Hispanic denominations to the Red river) although after the delimitations of 1803 the Red river or Colorado of the celebrated east river was to the south of the territory, at the end of s. In the XVIII century, especially during the government of Facundo Melgares, fortresses were created, such as La Garita, on the edges of the crater of the megavolcan La Garita, which received the Spanish and Hispanic name of La Garita. After the independence of the Viceroyalty of New Spain with respect to the Spanish Empire in 1820, there was a Mexican colonization (especially in 1825) on the banks of the Nexpentle River (today called Arkanzas) since that area was one of the limits (after the Adams- Onis of 1820 ratified by the USA with Mexico in 1825) of Mexico with the United States on the Santa Fe Trail. Facundo Melgares also established a Spanish settlement in Gerbora (now Colorado Springs or Fuentes del Colorado) by 1806.
The geography of Colorado is very diverse and includes both mountainous terrain very rugged as vast plains. The state of Colorado is defined as a geosphere rectangle that The summit of Mount Elbert, with 4401 meters of altitude in Lake County is the highest point of the state and the highest point of all the Rocky Mountains. Colorado has approximately 550 summits that exceed 4000 meters. Colorado is also the only state that is found in its entirety above the 1000 meters of altitude. The lowest elevation point is 1010 meters, at the point on the eastern border of Yuma County where the Arikaree River flows. These basins, particularly the San Luis Valley, are found along the Grande River depression, an important Tectonic feature.
The Rocky Mountains in Colorado have 54 peaks over 14,000 feet (4270 m), known as the fourteeners. The mountains have conifer and poplar forests, up to a height of about 4000 m in southern Colorado and about 3200 m in northern Colorado. Above this wooded line, only gives alpine vegetation. The Rocky Mountains are covered only in snow. Grand Junction is the largest city on the western slope and is connected by the I-70 Interstate. To the southeast of Grand Junction is Grand Mesa, a large plane covered with mountains. Further east are the ski resorts of Aspen, Vail, Crested Butte, and Steamboat Springs. The northwest corner of Colorado, bordered by northern Utah and western Wyoming, has a very low population density and is primarily for rangelands.
From West to East, the state consists of desert basins, which become plateaus and then the alpine mountains and then the prairies of the Great Plains. Mount Elbert is the highest peak in the Rocky Mountains in the continental United States. The famous Pikes Peak is just west of Colorado Springs. His solo beak is seen from near the Kansas border on clear days.
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